The capital and largest city of Greece, in the eastern part of the country near the Saronic Gulf. Evidence for this has come from pottery finds on and around the Acropolis but particularly from a group of about 20 shallow wells, or pits, on the northwest slope of the Acropolis, just below the Klepsydra spring. The myth says that Poseidon gave a spring with sea water whilst Athena offered an olive tree as she touched the ground of the sacred rock of the Acropolis. Athens lies 5 miles (8 km) from the Bay of Phaleron, an inlet of the Aegean (Aigaíon) Sea where Piraeus (Piraiévs), the port of Athens, is situated, in a mountain-girt arid basin divided north-south by a line of hills. Athens - Athens - History: The site of Athens has been inhabited since the Neolithic Period (before 3000 bce). A Brief Reference to the History of Athens. Greater Athens has an area of 165 square miles (427 square km). Athens definition, a city in and the capital of Greece, in the SE part. 1. Athens synonyms, Athens pronunciation, Athens translation, English dictionary definition of Athens. Start studying AP World History Chapter 10. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Athens was named according to the Greek mythology from competition that the goddess Athena had with Poseidon about who will become protector of the city. See more.
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