Step 2: Calculations. Following on from the success of last week's blog, on the history of soap making, we thought we'd follow-up with an overview of the chemistry involved in the soap making process. Don't be scared away from this enjoyable craft because of its relation to chemistry. When dissolved in water, it breaks dirt away from surfaces. Overview • A brief history on soap making • The basic chemistry of soap making • Mold choices and preparation • Soapmaking tools • Oil properties as they contribute to soap • Soap colorants (natural vs. man-made) The Chemistry Store is the leading supplier of soap making supplies and cosmetic ingredients. Soaps are used as cleansers and lubricants. The initial saponification process takes anywhere from 20 – 90 minutes. Soap Manufacturing Technology, Second Edition, is the most authoritative and up-to-date book on soap technology available today. Making Soap continued 2 Laboratory Experiments for General, Organic and Biological Chemistry Most fats and oils contain a mixture of fatty acid residues of different chain lengths. While modern soap is created with the help of a variety of chemicals, the first iterations of the cleaning product also used basic chemistry to help people clean themselves and their belongings. In general parlance, the term soap has taken on a more functional definition, by which any cleansing agent, regardless of its chemistry, is considered a soap. The chemistry behind face soap is the same of that behind normal soap, but has a much trickier mission. Why Teach Soapmaking? We also profile 21 st Century Chemist Facundo Fernandez at Georgia Tech, who uses chemistry to detect dangerous or ineffective fake pharmaceutical drugs and medicines. Step 3: Working Your Experiment. To make soap completely from scratch (as opposed to melt and pour with premade soap bases), you'll need to use lye, which is a caustic salt known as sodium hydroxide. After … Warning: You do not necessarily have to completely understand the chemistry of soap making in order to make soap at home. Chemists now refer to the chemical reaction for making soap as saponification, in honor of the discovery on Mount Sapo. Through the ages soap has been used to cleanse, to cure skin sores, to dye hair, and as a salve or skin ointment. We carry a full line of products and ingredients for making soap and cosmetics that are of the highest quality and the lowest cost. Sodium hydroxide is also called lye. Before you begin, here's a quick tutorial about the chemistry behind making soap. The chemical reaction between any fat and sodium hydroxide is a saponification reaction. Hand sanitizer vs. Soap/Water Cleansing Faces History of Soap/Consequences Alternatives in Antibacterial Soaps How is Soap Made? In a basic soap recipe, oils reacts with the sodium hydroxide (lye) to produce soap and glycerin. Soap is chemically defined as the alkali salt of fatty acids. Soap is a fatty acid of a salt. Soap is formed by mixing fats or oils with strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide. Castor oil - Castor oil is the best oil for making soap in the school laboratory, but reasonable results can be obtained from olive oil and rape-seed oil. You get to choose the oils, colorants, scents, and more. The chemicals in the soap combined with the rubbing of the soap back and forth remove the microbes. Why Teach Soapmaking? For making detergent by sulfonation, the hydroxy-group on the carbon chain is essential, and castor oil is necessary.

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