The actinide americium is used in smoke detectors. Also known as rare earth elements, these 14 elements all fall between the atomic numbers of 57 and 71 and have their own section on the bottom of the periodic table. Due to the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic nature of the lanthanides and actinides, they are used in the magnetic and electronic devices. The main lanthanide used for this purpose is cerium, mixed with small amounts of lanthanum, neodymium, and praseodymium. Lanthanides have different chemistry from transition metals because their 4f orbitals are shielded from the atom ‘s environment. For example, plutonium is used during the manufacturing of nuclear weapons on a large scale (i.e. Uranium and thorium have diverse current uses, whereas americium is used in ionization chambers of modern smoke detectors. These metals are also widely used in the petroleum industry for refining crude oil into gasoline products. The most useful actinides in the actinide series are thorium, uranium and plutonium. Key Terms. Actinides are all radioactive elements. But despite their cost, the unique properties of the lanthanides do sometimes favor their use over cheaper substances, and millions of tons of lanthanides, in metallic, alloy, and compound form, are produced annually. lanthanide: Any of the 15 rare earth elements from lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table. The best known lanthanide alloy, Auer metal, is a mixture of cerium and iron that produces a spark when struck. Lanthanide - thermic processes can yield sufficiently pure Nb, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Y, W, U, B, and Si.5. The general electronic configuration of actinides is [Rn] 5f1-14 6d0-1 7s2. Thorium is used in the atomic reactors and in the treatment of cancer. Elements that have an atomic number greater than uranium (92) are often called "transuranium." Uses of other actinides At one time, the actinides other than uranium were no more than scientific curiosities. Uses of Lanthanides Lanthanides have been widely used as alloys to impart strength and hardness to metals. Below them are the actinides. The lanthanides and actinides form a group that appears almost disconnected from the rest of the periodic table. Lanthanides and actinides are elements with unfilled f orbitals. What are lanthanides and where might you encounter them in your everyday life? Lanthanides are used in optical devices (night vision goggles), petroleum refining, and alloys. In general, actinides are used for a wide variety of purposes. Different Uses of Actinides. This is the f block of elements, known as the inner transition series. This is due to the proper numerical position between Groups 2 and 3 of the transition metals. Lanthanido - thermic processes can yield sufficiently pure Nb, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Y, W, U, B and Si. Lanthanide Properties. Uses of lanthanides and actinides The oxides of the lanthanides and actinides are used in the glass industry for polishing and making colored glass for goggles and television screens. First, let’s take a look at the elements that make up the lanthanide group. Alloys of Lanthanides are known as mish - metals .The major constituents . The lanthanides and actinides are located mostly in the "f-block" of the periodic table. Lanthanides are used in metallothermic reactions due to their extraordinary reducing property. Uses of lanthanides Until fairly recently, the lanthanides had relatively few applications; they cost so much to produce that less expensive alternatives were usually available. They were fascinating topics of research for scientists but of little practical interest. Lanthanides are used in products such as hybrid cars, superconductors, and permanent magnets. 5. In the modern periodic table lanthanides and actinides are shown as two separate rows below the main periodic table. 6. Alloys of Lanthanides are known as mish - metals and the major constituents of mish - metals are Ce(45 … Lanthanides are used in metallothermic reactions due to their extraordinary reducing property. Because their outermost orbitals are empty, they have very similar chemistry. Uranium is used as nuclear fuel machines. We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services. One of the earliest uses involved an alloy of cerium and iron, called Auer metal, which produced a brilliant spark when struck. T he salts of actinides are used in the glass industry for imparting green colour, ceramic industry, textile industry and in medicines too. Lanthanides are all metals with reactivity similar to group 2 elements.

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