Symptom expression can vary depending on the host infected. Plant Protection Bulletin, FAO, 23(2):33-39. Y. Israeli, E. Lahav, in Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences (Second Edition), 2017 Viral Diseases. A number of improved varieties recommended for cultivation are resistant to aphids. Bananas are susceptible to cucumber mosaic virus, banana mild mosaic virus, banana bract mosaic virus, and the banana bunchy top virus (BBTV).BBTV is by far the most virulent and aggressive pathogen with destructive potential of the entire crop. Larva is seen feeding with the head alone thrust inside the parts and the rest of the body hanging out. Eight viruses are reported from cowpeas in Africa. Fery RL, Dukes PD. Cowpea mild mottle virus is transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a non-persistent manner. Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L) walp production in Uganda is constrained by a number of factors including virus and virus-like diseases that cause much damage on the plants leading to low yields. 1992. Three are beetle‐transmitted (cowpea yellow mosaic comovirus, cowpea mottle virus (carmovirus? A more harmful effect is that the insect transmits the aphid-borne mosaic virus. Information about Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus diagnosis, including distribution and treatment advice. These include yellow mosaic comovirus, mottle virus, and southern bean mosaic sobemovirus, which are beetle transmitted while some cowpea viruses such as cowpea golden mosaic virus and cowpea mild mottle carlavirus are transmitted by whiteflies. 1976. In cowpea symptoms are typical of those caused by mosaic viruses, namely chlorotic spots with rings. Cited by: 3 articles | PMID: 563640 Host range. The virus is rarely present in wild legumes. Search: Search for pest or crop. Leaf spots Ethiopia, Central Africa, Central and South Africa and West Africa, all have been considered as probable centers of domestication as reviewed by Ng and Marechal (1985). It is transmitted by aphids. It has already been reported that different isolates of CPMMV can be seed transmitted, as observed for cowpea, soybean and common bean seeds in Ghana (Brunt & Kenten, 1973) and yardlong bean seeds in Venezuela (Brito et al., 2012). The virus has a wide host range and infects many members of the Chenopodiaceae and Leguminosae. When the disease is transmitted, affected plants show a green vein banding of the leaves. List of common viruses infecting cowpea are given below. The virus is also transmitted through cowpea and soybean seed. Kannaiyan J. Haciwa HC. Mode # 8. Abstract. Cowpea (yellow) mosaic, cowpea mottle, cowpea aphid-borne mosaic, TVu's 493, 1185,2755 southern bean mosaic + cowpea golden mosaic Fusarium wilt TVu's 109-2,347,984, 1000, 1016-1 Root knot Alfalfa, Medicago sativa, is an herbaceous perennial in the plant family Fabaceae (peas and beans) which is primarily grown as a forage crop which can be grazed by animals or harvested as hay to be used as an animal feed.Alfalfa has a deeply penetrating taproot and the stems of the plant branch from a woody base, growing upright and erect or along the ground. The cucurbit beetle (Diabrotica speciosa) is also known to transmit several viruses such as comoviruses and different mosaic viruses. 1993. Cowpea mild mottle virus is transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a non-persistent manner. The virus-infected bambara groundnut plants exhibit mosaic symptoms. Diseases of food legume crops for the scope of their management in Zambia. The virus infects peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), in addition to chia, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and soybean. and Aphis gossypii Glov. It is only occasionally observed in North and South Carolina as well as Georgia, and does not cause significant impacts to soybean producers in the region. So. PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: There is no initiating event. If the disease attacks plants at the early growth stage, no pods should be expected. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 93(3):115-133. mo The red mosaic virus has a negative effect on rhizobium bacterial growth and development. The virus infects peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), in addition to chia, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and soybean. It also reduces seed yield. Leafhoppers can destroy cowpea during the seedling stage. The seed-borne virus transmission can also be an important component of the epidemiology of the disease in the field. It is also transmitted by artificial juice inoculation. Host range– Cotton, Sorghum, Lablab, Pea, Chillies, Groundnut, Tobacco, Okra, Maize, Tomato, Soybean, Safflower, Gram, Caterpillar first feeds on foliage, later bores into pods and feeds on seeds. Identification of blackeye cowpea mosaic virus from germplasm of yard-long bean and from soybean, and the relationships between blackeye cowpea mosaic virus and cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus. COWPEA SEVERE MOSAIC (CSMV). Cowpea mosaic virus can be seedborne and transmitted mechanically by aphids. You searched for: Subject "Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus" Remove constraint Subject: "Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus" Start Over. This study was conducted to establish the occurrence of BCMV is seedborne in bean, especially if the seed was produced locally. 1. For this, we generated transgenic cowpea … The cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) has been identified in the United States, Cuba, and Nigeria. All strains of CCMV can infect soybean and may cause locally significant yield losses. Comparison of the relationships of southern bean mosaic virus and the cowpea strain of tobacco mosaic virus with the bean leaf beetle. The exact place of domestication is uncertain. Dijkstra J, Bos L, Bouwmeester HJ, Hadiastono T, Lohuis H. 1987. Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) Taxonomic position. Virus diseases is a major factor militating against cowpea production in all agro ecological zones of Nigeria and yield reductions between 70-100% have been reported. For more details of BCMV, refer to Phaseolus vulgaris. The virus‐vector‐host relationships of cowpea aphid‐borne mosaic virus (CAMV) and its vector, Aphis craccivora, were studied in cowpea lines differing in resistance to aphid infestation. The most common virus disease on cowpeas is cowpea aphid-borne mosaic potyvirus. Received: 8 February, 2008. 2015).CABMV-infected passionflower plants exhibit leaf mosaic, blisters and deformation, and fruit woodiness, and size reduction, making the … The virus, which causes severe mosaic and stunting, is transmitted by seeds in cowpeas but not in soybeans. Insecticide spray and cultural practices such as plant population density Studies with cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus and its effect on cowpea in Iran. Cowpea mosaic virus produces irregular light and dark green mosaic patterns on the leaves. Symptom expression can vary depending on the host infected. Examples of beetle-transmitted viruses are cow pea mosaic virus, turnip yellow mosaic virus, squash mosaic virus, southern bean mosaic virus. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the family Bromoviridae. Identification and Monitoring. Insect Pest of Pulse Redgram and Chickpea. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin, 41:73-90. Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) is a potyvirus capable of infecting many species in the family Fabaceae, and most strains also infect members of the Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Laminaceae, Passifloraceae and Solanaceae. The risk of infestation of Pea seed-borne mosaic virus in California is evaluated and a permanent rating is proposed.. History & Status: Background: In 1966 a virus disease of pea was first reported in Europe. Invited Review Pest Technology ©2008 Global Science Books Diseases of Passion Flower (Passiflora spp.) In fact it has the reputation of having the widest host range of any known plant virus. Control of virus diseases is a matter of prevention and the use of virus-free planting stock. an . The virus is also transmitted through cowpea and soybean seed. Early infection of cabbage by this virus in the seedbed or soon after transplanting, can reduce yield by 75%, whereas late-season infection has little or no effect on yield. Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) infects a wide range of cultivated legumes.It causes severe mosaic and/or necrosis on the leaves, stems and pods of beans (Phaselous), cowpea (Vigna) and soyabean (Glycine max).Yield losses of 64-80% have been recorded in groundnuts in Kenya (Bock et al., 1976, 1977) and 10-100% in soyabean in Brazil and Argentina (Brown and Rodrigues, 2017). This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range. The most common virus disease on cowpeas is cowpea aphid-borne mosaic potyvirus. Ladipo JL. Grasshoppers also transmit many viruses such as TMV, turnip yellow mosaic virus, turnip crinkle virus, etc. Cowpea is an important grain legume crop of Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. The virus is seed‐bome. Cookies on Plantwise Knowledge Bank ... Search for pest or crop. Examples of such viruses include the aphid-transmitted Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Peanut stunt virus (PSV); and the beetle-transmitted Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV), Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) and Cowpea mottle virus (CPMoV). It is the type member of the plant virus genus, Cucumovirus. Mosaic viruses are transmitted by aphids. It is transmitted by aphids. MANAGEMENT. uthern . In cowpea symptoms are typical of those caused by mosaic viruses, namely chlorotic spots with rings. Scott HA, Fulton JP. (iv) Beetles: More than seventy four species of beetle are known to transmit virus. In India, cowpea is known since Vedic times. Virology, 84(1):207-209, 01 Jan 1978 . Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (BlCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were transmitted to cowpea … Toggle facets Limit your search Text Availability. The characteristic symptoms of the disease are conspicuous mosaic patterns, deformation and distortion of leaves and stunting of the plant. Cowpea mosaic virus can be transmitted mechanically, by aphids and it can be seed-borne. Leaf curl and golden mosaic diseases caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) have emerged as most devastating viral diseases of cowpea in Southeast Asia. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the most important legumes cultivated in many parts of the world.The diseases caused by Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) and Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) are considered among the most important constraints on yield and quality, especially in Latin America and Africa. Rodrigues Alves 40-40, CEP 17030-000, Bauru, SP, Brazil 2 Departamento de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola, … Many are transmitted by vegetative propagation of plant material from infected plants. In some cases the affected parts thicken. The same virus was also described in Japan as Pea seed-borne mosaic virus. The cowpea mosaic virus is transmitted by Aphis rumicis L., Macrosiphum pisi Kalt. Affected plants may be stunted and will not produce normal pods. and cowpea … The virus is transmitted by aphid vectors in a non-persistent manner, and is also transmissible by mechanical sap-inoculation. be. Here, the concept of using an RNA interference construct to … Diabrotica speciosa, also known as the cucurbit beetle and in Spanish as vaquita de San Antonio is an insect pest native to South America.Its larvae feed on the roots of crops. The virus has a wide host range and infects many members of the Chenopodiaceae and Fabaceae families. The virus is efficiently transmitted by several aphid species including the following: bean aphid (Aphis fabae), cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and the green peach aphid (Myzas persicae). ), and southern bean mosaic sobemovirus), two are aphid‐borne (cowpea aphid‐borne mosaic potyvirus and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus), two are whiteflytransmitted (cowpea golden mosaic virus (geminivirus?) Accepted: 7 April, 2008. In this study, we employed RNA interference (RNAi) strategy to control cowpea-infecting MYMIV. Ivan H. Fischer1* • Jorge A. M. Rezende2 1 Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Av. A few viruses are seedborne (squash virus in muskmelons, tomato mosaic virus in tomato, and others). Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) has a very wide host range … This study was carried out to determine the effects of single infections and co-infections of three unrelated viruses on three cowpea cultivars (one commercial cowpea cultivar “White” and 2 IITA lines; IT81D-985 and TVu 76). Among these, aphid is a major economic pest of cowpea. California from Southern bean mosaic virus is described herein and a permanent rating is proposed. ... even of small populations, is the transmission of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus. Passion fruit production may be reduced by pests and diseases, the most important being passion fruit woodiness, caused by the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus (Fischer and Rezende 2008; Garcêz et al. This research tries to demonstrate physiological effect of combined infection of two viruses on growth parameter of cowpea plant as demonstrated through symptom expression. Symptoms typical of bud blight can also be caused by infection of soybeans with the cowpea severe mosaic virus. History & Status: Background: The genus Sobemovirus contains 14 species of viruses that are transmitted by various insect vectors and seed and are readily transmitted mechanically with infected plant sap. Origin of Cowpea: All the evidences indicate that cowpea originated in Africa.
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